https://kolektifkuma.com/fr fr https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/test-genetique-dans-le-fayum-egypte <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Test génétique dans le fayum ( égypte) </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/200px-harpe_en_egypte.jpg?itok=seNSlmZw" width="700" height="760" alt="Égyptien " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 01/26/2021 - 11:51</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/uQbfsiP0sjI?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div dir="auto">Ce documentaire apporte une lumière singulière sur la polémique qui a suivi la publication d’une étude génétique de 2016, sur des momies de populations ayant vécus en Égypte dans l’antiquité tardive.</div><div dir="auto">Le présentateur commence par remettre le travail scientifique qui a été réalisé dans son contexte : à savoir que les fouilles qui ont révélées les restes de corps momifiés qui ont servi de support à cette étude génétique, avaient pour but de découvrir des anciens papyrus grecs. </div><div dir="auto">C’est ainsi qu’il est mis en évidence que les territoires circonscrits par cette publication de 2017, décrivent les principaux sites d’immigrations de l’état Pharaonique. C’est-à-dire que les lieux d’où proviennent les momies étudiées, étaient des localités qui traditionnellement accueillaient une quantité particulièrement importante d’immigrants du « proche orient », de Grèce et de l’empire Romain selon les âges. </div><div dir="auto">Cette publication, contrairement à la majorité des gros titres de la presse auxquels elle a ouvert la voie, s’applique à nuancer ces propres conclusions en rappelant les insuffisances et lacunes qui pèsent aussi bien sur la méthode que sur l’analyse dont elle fut l’expression.</div><div dir="auto">Après l’analyse circonstanciée de différents points saillants de ce document, le présentateur de ce documentaire nous présente les résultats et commentaires d’experts concernant d’autres études sur les populations de la vallée du Nil.</div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=228&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="Zte9ZrY2w56zOLGbfFmBV9L11zaY_w9-V3lQd4WBu8A"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Tue, 26 Jan 2021 15:51:14 +0000 patrice 228 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/les-afrocentristes-sont-ils-racistes <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Les afrocentristes sont-ils racistes ?</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20210114-081552_pinterest.jpg?itok=gzdlSVMt" width="700" height="1439" alt="Bijoux maure " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 01/26/2021 - 10:53</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/qRCvURevIwg?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;text-align:center;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">Les  afrocentristes sont-ils racistes?</span></p><p> </p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">Dans cette vidéo, il est question des afrocentristes qui sont jugés racistes, car prônant l’origine noire des égyptiens.</span></p><p> </p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap"> Pourtant les premiers hommes ayant démontré ce fait sont des européens. Ainsi par exemple, M Naville relaye cette réalité dans des écrits dès les années 1900. De plus, l’éminent Cheick Anta Diop décrit et explique cet état de fait dans son livre “nations, nègres et culture”.</span></p><p> </p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><strong><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">Les afrocentristes ne font qu’approuver des faits déjà écrits, maintes et maintes fois confirmés.</span></strong></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"> </p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height:1.3800000000000001;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style="font-size:11pt;font-family:arial;color:rgb(0,0,0);font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;vertical-align:baseline;white-space:pre-wrap">La vraie question est de savoir pourquoi les personnes prônant un racisme de la part des afrocentristes par le biais de différents vecteurs d’informations, persistent en ce sens ?...</span></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=227&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="tfKY6E_UC8oGrphE4MGd22HVFSktdTWCDXVwFmTdiOA"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Tue, 26 Jan 2021 14:53:15 +0000 patrice 227 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/ceux-qui-affirment-que-les-egyptiens-etaient-des-africains <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Ceux qui affirment que les égyptiens étaient des africains </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20210114-083336_pinterest_0.jpg?itok=cN8ZZAYi" width="700" height="1439" alt="Maure en Europe " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 01/26/2021 - 10:23</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/xLWyFbq8a7I?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=226&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="6C7ozEZKYgLTsdbAg1O0c_tnZgwG3mekhRWL4oAYL0M"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/egypte-et-afrique" hreflang="fr">Égypte et Afrique </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Tue, 26 Jan 2021 14:23:35 +0000 patrice 226 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/historique-du-genre-humain <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Historique du genre humain </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20210110-064127_samsung_internet_1.jpg?itok=cRKH22fi" width="700" height="790" alt="Afrique et Europe " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 01/26/2021 - 10:14</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/_nd4m-PTVJU?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p><strong>TDA </strong><em>nous permet à travers cette vidéo, de partager les connaissances communes des érudits français les plus qualifiés en égyptologie, du 18, 19 et début du 20ème siècle. </em></p><p><em>suite à ces lectures, il est aisé de constater l'idéologie d'un grand nombre d'égyptologues européens contemporains. </em></p><p><em>des témoignages qui nous comparent la situation des européens et des africains a ces époques reculés; mais aussi comment ont-ils tenté de s'approprier la civilisation égyptienne. </em></p><p><i>Un exemple édifiant : <strong>fabre dolivet </strong>( histoire du genre humain) </i></p><p><i>philologue du 18,19ème siècle( spécialiste des langues anciennes) </i></p><p><i>la configuration du monde dans l'Antiquité. </i></p><p><i>extrait  :  je vais me transporter, à cet effet à une époque assez reculée de celle où nous vivons ; et  raffermissant mes yeux d'un long préjugé pourrait avoir affaiblis, fixer à travers l'obscurité, des siècles, le moment ou la trace blanche, dont nous faisons partie vint à paraître sur la scène du monde. </i></p><p><i>a cette époque, dont plus tard je chercherai à déterminer la date, <strong>la race blanche était encore faible, sauvage, sans lois, sans art, sans culture d'aucune espèce, dénué de souvenirs, et trop dépourvue d'entendement pour concevoir même une espérance. </strong></i></p><p><i>elle habitait les environs du pôle boréal, d'où elle avait tiré son origine. </i></p><p><i><strong>la race noire, plus ancienne qu'elle, dominait alors sur la terre, et y tenait le sceptre de la science et du pouvoir. </strong></i></p><p><i><strong>elle possédait toute l'Afrique et la plus grande partie de l'Asie ou elle avait asservi et comprimer la race jaune. </strong></i></p><p> </p><p>TDA nous présente aussi les écrits de <strong>jean François Champollion, </strong>qui déchiffra les hiéroglyphes .</p><p>Dans un livre intitulé : égypte, lettres et journaux de voyages.(compilation de ses écrits) </p><p> </p><p>Nous avons aussi <strong>Jacques Weulerse, géographe </strong>français du début du 20ème siècle. </p><p>Dans un livre intitulé (l'Afrique noir) </p><p> </p><p>Et <strong>Émile Amélinau </strong>(1850-1915)</p><p>Égyptologue dans: prolégomènes à l'étude de la religion égyptienne (essai sur la mythologie de l'Égypte 1908 ). </p><p> </p><p>Des références très intéressantes. </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=225&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="HPDFzG4-h-wX24DjfMFof0PqJ5pxbAaeYilZ-jFAA_g"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/afrique-egypte-et-reste-du-monde" hreflang="fr">Afrique, Égypte et reste du monde </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Tue, 26 Jan 2021 14:14:36 +0000 patrice 225 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/les-blancs-nexistaient-pas-au-debut-de-la-civilisation <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Les blancs n&#039;existaient pas au début de la civilisation </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20210114-081300_pinterest.jpg?itok=ALePn_MW" width="700" height="1439" alt="Pinterest, noblesse africaine en Europe " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Tue, 01/26/2021 - 09:57</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/aDkWCkPlsWA?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=224&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="itnOa09JDG9A7RDQGnY1h1Jh5Ab9KPQL1OekFVgpadc"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/les-realites-historique-du-monde" hreflang="fr">Les réalités historique du monde </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Tue, 26 Jan 2021 13:57:33 +0000 patrice 224 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/historique-de-lafrique-et-de-leurope-famine-du-5eme-siecle-nos-jours <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Historique de l&#039;afrique et de l&#039;Europe ( famine du 5ème siècle à nos jours ) </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20210114-082527_pinterest.jpg?itok=DpPEGnqJ" width="700" height="1439" alt="Maure " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Mon, 01/25/2021 - 16:59</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/RXahPzzYAgY?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p>Lors des 15 premières minutes de ce documentaire, <strong>TDA </strong>nous met en évidence la prédation des caucasiens à la  rencontre de l'Afrique. </p><p>Il nous présente la liste des grandes épidémies mondiales, du 5ème siècle à nos jours. </p><p>Elle laisse a constater que la toute première famine en Afrique a lieu en Éthiopie au 16ème siècle ( 1535 ), puis la deuxième fois en Afrique de l'ouest 19ème siècle, date en corrélation avec l'esclavage et la colonisation ; mais aussi avec l'expulsion des maures et la période des lumières. </p><p>Elle nous montre aussi qu'à la même période, du 5ème siècle au 19ème, c'était le contraire en Europe ,guerre, épidémie, famine était chose courante. </p><p>A partir du début du 20ème siècle les choses vont s'inverser, plus de famine en Europe mais essentiellement en Afrique. </p><p>Bien sûr on trouve quelques famines ailleurs, comme en Inde, en Chine,en Arabie, aux Amériques, de façon épars. </p><p> </p><p><strong>TDA </strong><em>nous présente aussi un ouvrage ,comme témoignage historique : les écrivains témoins du peuple, livre de (fr et j.fourastié ).</em></p><p>condition des français pendant le moyen-âge. </p><p>11ème siècle témoignage de raoul glaber :</p><p><em>beaucoup de personnes mêlaient une terre blanche, semblable à de l'argile, avec ce qu'elles avaient de farine ou de son et elles en formaient des pains pour satisfaire leurs faims cruelles. </em></p><p><em>c'était le seul espoir qui leurs restaient d'échapper à la mort et le succès répondit pas à leurs voeux. </em></p><p><em>tout les visages étaient pâles et décharnés, la peau tendue et enflée, la voie grêle et imitant le cri plaintif des moineaux expirant. </em></p><p><em>le grand nombre de morts ne permettaient pas de songer à leurs sépultures. </em></p><p> </p><p>16ème siècle, témoigne de <strong>Ambroise paré </strong>: <strong><em> </em></strong><em>delà vient que les gens ne veulent pas y aller, et ceux qui voulaient contribuer à ce que leur ville ne tombât pas en défaut de vivre et autres choses  sont contraints d'endurer la famine avec leurs concitoyens. </em></p><p><em>souvent les enfants sont contraints d'enterrer leurs pères, les pères les enfants , les maris leurs femmes et les femmes leurs maris, qui leurs aient un grand crève-coeur, par défaut de trouver personne qui veuillent les enterrer. </em></p><p><em>souvent aussi on laisse les corps sans les enterrer .</em></p><p><em>au siècle suivant la famine écrasait toujours le peuple. </em></p><p><em>témoignage de <strong>girardet noseroy </strong>17ème siècle :</em></p><p><em>la postérité ne le croira pas ; on vivait des herbes des jardins et de celles des champs, les charognes des bêtes mortes étaient recherchées, mais cette table ne dura pas longtemps mise. </em></p><p><em>on est frappé de constater que pendant des siècles le peuple a vécue dans les pires conditions , sans se révolter, sans remettre en question le système. </em></p><p> </p><p><em>TDA nous montre aussi un portrait de l'ambassadeur du royaume kongo au 17ème siècle ( collège de France). </em></p><p> </p><p><em>de quoi mettre de l'ordre chronologique dans les faits historiques. </em></p><p> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=222&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="3HkN5GUFq4o2uRIwlqnzsSGqL8Q3IBM4xOtO0QEgcn0"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Mon, 25 Jan 2021 20:59:12 +0000 patrice 222 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/traite-europeenne-dite-negriere <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Traite européenne dite négrière </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/39767354_401_0.jpg?itok=aZhouC13" width="700" height="394" alt="Période de l&#039;esclave " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Mon, 01/25/2021 - 16:21</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/S24rtJt79j0?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:20.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">L’esclavage en Afrique: Mythe ou réalité</span></span></b></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">On entend souvent dire que toutes les sociétés du monde étaient esclavagistes, que l’esclavage était massif en Afrique, et qu’il existait une complicité des africains dans la traite négrière européenne.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">Qu’en était-il vraiment ?</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">L’auteur nous apporte un certain nombre d’éléments de compréhension en mettant en relief deux catégories distinctes et contradictoires <b>de discours européens</b> sur la question.</span></span></span></span></span></p><ol class="list"><li style="margin-bottom:11px; margin-left:8px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">Les récits d’auteurs et de chercheurs européens qui ont fait le voyage en Afrique, qui ont fait l’effort d’apprendre la langue, d’étudier finement l’organisation économique et sociale du continent, et de restituer en toute objectivité ce qu’ils ont pu observer sur place.</span></span></span></span></span></li></ol><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">       2- Ceux des africanistes qui bien souvent n’avaient pas fait le voyage sur place, n’avaient appris aucunes langues autochtones, mais qui s’auto-proclamaient spécialistes des questions africaines. Ils ont introduit un certain nombre de confusions et de contre-vérités à travers leurs récits, pour justifier les razzias européennes en Afrique et se déculpabiliser de leurs pratiques inhumaines :</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">                -Une confusion entre l’esclavage et le servage.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">               -Des contre-vérités sur l’organisation économique et sociale des africains en Afrique.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">Les discours africanistes étaient soutenus et entretenus par les négriers qui parlaient même de service rendu aux esclaves, et qui légitimaient leurs pratiques par un discours salvateur. Selon eux, les sauveurs européens permettaient aux africains mis en esclavage d’échapper à leurs « terrible situation » d’origine. </span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">Ces derniers sont à l’origine de tout un imaginaire sur l’Afrique et les africains qui est né pendant cette période et qui perdure encore aujourd’hui.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">De manière à éviter tout parti-pris, plutôt que de partir de récits d’africains sur l’Afrique et de prendre par exemple pour référence le professeur Cheick Anta Diop avec son livre intitulé « l’Afrique noire précoloniale », l’auteur fait une démonstration éloquente de la <b>contradiction qu’on peut trouver à l’intérieur même </b>époques et compare les différentes histoires, les différents récits en mettant en évidence les objectifs et les contextes de chacun d’eux. <b>de la littérature occidentale</b>. Il cite en grande majorité des auteurs européens, leurs ouvrages les</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">Ainsi, <b>on apprend la réalité du rapport social en Afrique à cette époque</b>. On y trouvait point d’esclavage mais plutôt une vraie amitié, une solidarité effective entre les personnes de statuts sociaux différents et un réel souci en direction de ceux qui étaient dans le besoin, même des étrangers y compris les européens eux-mêmes. Il n’y avait pas de mendicité, pas d’insécurités pas d’auberges ou d’hôtels. Il n’y avait pas non plus de travail forcé, et toutes les cruautés prétendues mais plutôt un rapport familial entre l’employeur et l’employé dans un contexte de servitude ou de réparation d’une faute commise.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">D’ailleurs étymologiquement, l’esclavage comprend le mot slave. Ce qui rappelle les origines de ce mot et de cette pratique qui a atteint son paroxysme pendant la période des razzias européennes en Afrique. Les horreurs perpétrées à cette époque par les européens n’ont pas eu de communes mesures dans l’histoire de l’humanité. </span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"><span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:107%"><span style="font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:107%">L’esclavage en Afrique était donc un mythe déculpabilisant inventé de toute pièce…</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom:11px"> </p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=221&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="euav1WWr2dzXLYcH7AoGI8vi4OzhE2KHzBkhoVGzopw"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/histoire-rencontre-de-la-civilisation-et-de-la-barbarie" hreflang="fr">Histoire , rencontre de la civilisation et de la barbarie </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Mon, 25 Jan 2021 20:21:48 +0000 patrice 221 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/le-comte-de-volney-lepreuve-des-faits <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Le comte de volney à l&#039;épreuve des faits </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/screenshot_20201208-153637_chrome.jpg?itok=oHbcZCy6" width="700" height="294" alt="Terre dieu avenir " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Thu, 01/07/2021 - 16:54</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/Ri4LlZGrErE?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Constantin-François Chassebœuf de La Giraudais, comte Volney, dit Volney, né le 3 février 1757 à Craon en Anjou et mort le 25 avril 1820 à Paris, est un philosophe et orientaliste français.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span> Il aura été au cours de sa vie, Député, Père de France, Sénateur, Comte, Membre de l’académie Française.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En 1782, le Comte de Volney va entreprendre un voyage de 4ans en Égypte et en Syrie. Il naitra de cette aventure un récit de voyage intitulé « Voyage en Égypte et en Syrie ». Cet ouvrage aura un impact important dans la société de l’époque, ainsi le Comte de Volney en plus de voir son statut prendre de l’ampleur, il sera considéré comme précurseur de deux nouvelles disciplines : la Sociologie et l’Ethnologie.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>« J’étais tenté de l'attribuer au climat, lorsqu'ayant été visité le sphinx son aspect me donna le mot de l'énigme. En voyant cette tête caractérisée nègre dans tous ses traits, je me rappelais ce passage remarquable d’Hérodote où il dit ”</span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><em><span>pour moi j'estime que les Colches sont une colonie des Égyptiens parce que comme eux ils ont la peau noire et les cheveux crépus</span></em></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span>” ; c'est-à-dire que les anciens Égyptiens étaient de vrais nègres de l'espèce de tous les naturels d'Afrique » Comte de Volney, dans </span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Voyage en Égypte et en Syrie</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> 1887. Le ton de vérité, l’observation juste et l’analyse détaillée des monuments, de l’histoire des mœurs et usages des peuples visités feront de cet ouvrage une référence internationale sur le sujet.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Cette fois-ci le présentateur confrontera l’ouvrage du Comte à de nouvelles connaissances Historiques, anthropologiques et scientifiques sur le sujet pour en tester l’intégrité.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=210&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="0HQdQkVEnVheppCUg1c4U7pZW02UeIOYJL7M5jL8_Dw"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/egyptologie-historique" hreflang="fr">Égyptologie, historique </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 07 Jan 2021 20:54:26 +0000 patrice 210 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/le-temoignage-du-comte-de-volney <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Le témoignage du comte de volney. </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2021-01/img-20201227-wa0142.jpg?itok=xQjKaBK7" width="700" height="876" alt="Terre dieu avenir " /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>patrice</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Thu, 01/07/2021 - 16:37</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/-PIVxGiOcmQ?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Constantin-François Chassebœuf de La Giraudais, comte Volney, dit Volney, né le 3 février 1757 à Craon en Anjou et mort le 25 avril 1820 à Paris, est un philosophe et orientaliste français.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Il aura été au cours de sa vie, Député, Père de France, Sénateur, Comte, Membre de l’académie Française.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En 1782, le Comte de Volney va entreprendre un voyage de 4ans en Égypte et en Syrie. Il naitra de cette aventure un récit de voyage intitulé « Voyage en Égypte et en Syrie ». Cet ouvrage aura un impact important dans la société de l’époque, ainsi le Comte de Volney en plus de voir son statut prendre de l’ampleur, il sera considéré comme précurseur de deux nouvelles disciplines : la Sociologie et l’Ethnologie.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>« J’étais tenté de l'attribuer au climat, lorsqu'ayant été visité le sphinx son aspect me donna le mot de l'énigme. En voyant cette tête caractérisée nègre dans tous ses traits, je me rappelais ce passage remarquable d’Hérodote où il dit ”</span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span>pour moi j'estime que les Colches sont une colonie des Égyptiens parce que comme eux ils ont la peau noire et les cheveux crépus</span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span>” ; c'est-à-dire que les anciens Égyptiens étaient de vrais nègres de l'espèce de tous les naturels d'Afrique » Comte de Volney, dans </span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Voyage en Égypte et en Syrie</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><span><span><span><span><span><span> 1887. Le ton de vérité, l’observation juste et l’analyse détaillée des monuments, de l’histoire des mœurs et usages des peuples visités feront de cet ouvrage une référence internationale sur le sujet.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Le présentateur nous conduira à travers l’œuvre et la vie du comte pour nous montrer à quel point ce dernier fût un personnage important dans la société française et l’importance de son ouvrage.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=209&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="OxMQl9MNyO5Ozx66YFYnJzt2HiZEoOsLthrf6eJoXdE"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/201" hreflang="fr">Terre dieu avenir </a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> Internet </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/egyptologie-historique" hreflang="fr">Égyptologie, historique </a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 07 Jan 2021 20:37:40 +0000 patrice 209 at https://kolektifkuma.com