https://kolektifkuma.com/fr fr https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/marcus-mosiah-garvey-1887-1940-un-homme-hors-du-commun <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Marcus Mosiah GARVEY (1887-1940), un homme hors du commun...</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2020-10/marcus_garvey_mdm-7895b-a95b6.jpg?itok=IEOPLWmK" width="700" height="610" alt="Marcus garvey image vid" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>Raz&#039;On</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Thu, 10/22/2020 - 17:26</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item">Marcus Mosiah Garvey est parvenu à de grande réalisation panafricaniste dans un contexte où l'apartheid faisait rage aux États-Unis. Une rapide biographie <li class=""><h3><i class="fa fa-arrows"></i><span></span></h3><ol class=" nd-visualshortcodes-parent"></ol></li><li class=""><h3><i class="fa fa-arrows"></i><span></span></h3><ol class=" nd-visualshortcodes-parent"></ol></li> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/2lwhWXqQMBI?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=168&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="h-tY1Su8G9eRjmWUEb91mZFxw7hOIVavBLZ0yl_iIR8"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/95" hreflang="fr">Asso Blackisreallybeautiful</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> youtube </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-parcours--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-parcours.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-parcours.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-parcours field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Parcours initiatique</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/parcours/les-peres-de-la-renaissance-africaines" hreflang="fr"> Les pères de la renaissance africaines</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/les-peres-de-la-renaissance-africaine-personnalite-incontournable" hreflang="fr">Les pères de la renaissance africaine; Personnalité incontournable</a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 22 Oct 2020 21:26:53 +0000 Raz'On 168 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/antenor-firmin-lerudit-haitien-champion-de-la-defense-des-peuples-noirs <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Anténor FIRMIN, l&#039;érudit haïtien, champion de la défense des peuples noirs</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2020-10/antenor_firmin_vid.jpg?itok=pbg00Tpe" width="700" height="1028" alt="photo Anténor Firmin" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>Raz&#039;On</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Thu, 10/22/2020 - 17:10</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'progressive_shortcodes_video' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> <div class = 'video-box youtube'> <iframe src="//www.youtube.com/embed/fvx4DQGZnPY?showinfo=0&amp;amp;wmode=opaque&amp;rel=0" frameborder="0" webkitallowfullscreen="" mozallowfullscreen="" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'modules/custom/progressive_shortcodes/templates/progressive-shortcodes-video.html.twig' --> Anténor Firmin, sa biographie et ses principaux ouvrages.</div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=166&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="N3gUbsdJsFt91wsJ6tk_E1tXtM_1JNU1gSNCWWL3eTk"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/95" hreflang="fr">Asso Blackisreallybeautiful</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> youtube </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-parcours--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-parcours.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-parcours.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-parcours field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Parcours initiatique</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/parcours/les-peres-de-la-renaissance-africaines" hreflang="fr"> Les pères de la renaissance africaines</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/les-peres-de-la-renaissance-africaine-personnalte-haitienne-personnalite-kemite" hreflang="fr">les péres de la renaissance africaine; personnalté haïtienne; personnalité kémite</a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Thu, 22 Oct 2020 21:10:52 +0000 Raz'On 166 at https://kolektifkuma.com https://kolektifkuma.com/fr/thematique/histoire/benito-sylvain <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--title--blog.html.twig x field--node--title.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--title.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <span>Bénito Sylvain</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--title.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-images--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-images.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-images.html.twig * field--image.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-images field--type-image field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_formatter' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image_style' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'image' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <img src="/sites/default/files/styles/details_articles/public/2020-10/telechargement_0.jpg?itok=qWCokTkP" width="700" height="700" alt="Benito Sylvain" /> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-style.html.twig' --> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/image-formatter.html.twig' --> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--uid--blog.html.twig x field--node--uid.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--uid.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <span> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'username' --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> <span>Raz&#039;On</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/user/username.html.twig' --> </span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--uid.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--created--blog.html.twig x field--node--created.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field--created.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <span>Sun, 09/27/2020 - 14:02</span> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'core/themes/stable/templates/field/field--node--created.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--body--blog.html.twig * field--node--body.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--body.html.twig * field--text-with-summary.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>C'est à Port de Paix (Haïti) le 21 mars 1868 qu'est né le journaliste, diplomate devenu avocat, Marie-Joseph Benoit Dartagnan plus connu sous son nom de plume "Bénito" Sylvain.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Il meurt à 46 ans à Bizoton (Haïti) le 3 janvier 1915.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Il quitte Port-au-Prince pour achever son cycle secondaire dans le collège Stanislas à Paris et c'est à la Faculté des lettres de la Sorbonne qu'il obtient son baccalauréat. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Il est nommé secrétaire de la légation d'Haïti à Londres mais délaisse ce poste en 1890.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Sept années durant, entre 1890 et 1897, avec la complicité de son jeune frère ainsi que d'autres compatriotes haïtiens mais aussi de politiciens Guadeloupéens résidants en France tels que le député Gaston Gerville-Réache ou encore le sénateur Isaac, il lance le "Journal La Fraternité" qui propose une lecture franche et critique de la situation Haïtienne et plus largement de la cause Noire. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Le lien de bienveillance qu'il entretient avec le cardinal Martial Lavigerie (Chef de l'Église d'Afrique) se crée au cours des conférences anti-esclavagistes de Bruxelles (1889-1890) auxquelles Bénito Sylvain et l'homme d'église assistent en tant que défenseurs de la lutte contre l'esclavage. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Cest ce même cardinal, qui fera jouer de son influence afin que Bénito Sylvain obtienne une audience auprès du roi des Belges, Léopold 2. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>"Le Journal la Fraternité est une oeuvre de patriotisme pur et est rédigée avec un talent au dessus de tout éloge." </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Les louanges de Michel Oreste ( futur président d'Haïti en 1913) concernant son engagement, vaudront à Sylvain une subvention que lui attribua le Corps Législatif en 1891. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En janvier 1895, l'Éthiopie est assaillie par les troupes italiennes. De nombreuses factions locales (Asmara, le Coatit, le Tigre..) sont misent en déroute par les troupes du général Oreste Baratiéri. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>C'est alors dans l'ancienne capitale nommée Adwa, que le Ras Makonnen, fraîchement investi du titre de "Commandeur Suprême des Armées" par l'empereur Ménélik, oppose une farouche résistance aux italiens. À ses côtés, Ras Magansha, Takla Hay, Wallo ou Ras Mikael infligeront de lourdes et très sévères pertes aux Italiens avant de les faire battre en retraite. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>C'est couronné de gloire que l'empereur Ménélik, l'impératrice Taitu ainsi que le Commandeur Ras Makonnen, regagnent les terres d'Adwa le 21 janvier 1896. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Depuis la capitale, en France, Bénito Sylvain, panafricaniste convaincu, a suivi avec un intérêt certain, chacune des étapes et des avancées de cette guerre. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En 1897, il décide de se rendre à Addis-Abeba. Encouragé par son père il :      " écoute les impulsions de son coeur et suis son destin.. " </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Des notes personnelles sur les nombreuses étapes qui ont jalonnées son voyage de 31 jours de route précédés de 10 jours en mer, ont été conservées. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En Éthiopie il fut reçu par le gouverneur Ghérazmatch, par le Ras Makonnen lui même, cet homme raffiné à l'intelligence supérieure dont tous les visiteurs faisaient les éloges. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Le 10 avril 1897 au palais impérial, le grand Négus Ménélik en personne lui accorde une audience au cours de laquelle les deux hommes échangeront autour de sujets tels que la situation des noirs en Amérique ou dans la caraïbe et sur d'autres sujets tels que le peu de crédit qu'il serait raisonnable d'accorder au traité anglo-italiens. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p> </p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En 1900 il propose une communication lors de sa participation au congrès anti-esclavagiste en réaction à l'exposition universelle. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>En 1906 dans la "Revue de Géographie de Lille" on peut lire de lui, qu'il est un "homme de cœur", on le qualifie aussi "d'apôtre fervent" au service d'une cause juste mais désespérée. </span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span><span><span><span><span><span>Bénito Sylvain restera l'un des tous premiers pères fondateurs du panafricanisme.</span></span></span></span></span></span></p> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--comment--blog.html.twig * field--node--comment.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig x field--comment.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <section> <ul class="commentlist"> </ul> <div class="spacer lg"></div> <h3 class="title slim"> Laisser un commentaire </h3> <drupal-render-placeholder callback="comment.lazy_builders:renderForm" arguments="0=node&amp;1=136&amp;2=comment&amp;3=comment" token="pW0ZCGgT0OQDUyjfk-qTY-H7-_SPjqMTchJb9X71Akk"></drupal-render-placeholder> </section> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive_sub/templates/comment/field--comment.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-auteur--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-auteur.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-auteur.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-auteur field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Auteur</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/95" hreflang="fr">Asso Blackisreallybeautiful</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-niveau-d-acces.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-niveau-d-acces field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Niveau d&#039;accès</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/47" hreflang="fr">Privé</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-client--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-client.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-client.html.twig * field--string.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Source(s) de l&#039;article<span class="colon">:</span></b> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kIZBgh9tgog </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-client.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-parcours--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-parcours.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-parcours.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-parcours field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Parcours initiatique</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/parcours/les-peres-de-la-renaissance-africaines" hreflang="fr"> Les pères de la renaissance africaines</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-rubrique--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-rubrique.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-rubrique field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Rubrique(s)</div> <div class="field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/thematique/histoire" hreflang="fr">Histoire</a></div> </div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-tags--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-tags.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig x field--field-tags.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig * field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <div> <b>Étiquettes<span class="colon">:</span></b> <a href="/fr/tags/peres-du-panafricanisme-personnalite-haitienne-pere-de-la-renaissance-africaine-personnalite" hreflang="fr">Péres du Panafricanisme; personnalité haïtienne; père de la renaissance africaine; personnalité kémite</a> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field--field-tags.html.twig' --> <!-- THEME DEBUG --> <!-- THEME HOOK: 'field' --> <!-- FILE NAME SUGGESTIONS: * field--node--field-type-de-contenu--blog.html.twig * field--node--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--node--blog.html.twig * field--field-type-de-contenu.html.twig * field--entity-reference.html.twig x field.html.twig --> <!-- BEGIN OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> <div class="field field--name-field-type-de-contenu field--type-entity-reference field--label-above"> <div class="field__label">Type de contenu</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fr/taxonomy/term/86" hreflang="fr">Vidéo</a></div> </div> <!-- END OUTPUT from 'themes/custom/progressive/templates/fields/field.html.twig' --> Sun, 27 Sep 2020 18:02:45 +0000 Raz'On 136 at https://kolektifkuma.com